The trefoil knot has only three crossings!
Polynomial invariants
Alexander polynomial |
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle t+ t^{-1} -1}
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Conway polynomial |
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2nd Alexander ideal (db, data sources) |
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Determinant and Signature |
{ 3, -2 } |
Jones polynomial |
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle - q^{-4} + q^{-3} + q^{-1} }
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HOMFLY-PT polynomial (db, data sources) |
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -a^4+a^2 z^2+2 a^2}
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Kauffman polynomial (db, data sources) |
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle a^5 z+a^4 z^2-a^4+a^3 z+a^2 z^2-2 a^2}
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The A2 invariant |
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{14}-q^{12}+q^8+2 q^6+q^4+q^2}
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The G2 invariant |
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{72}-q^{64}-q^{62}-q^{56}-2 q^{54}-q^{52}+q^{50}-q^{46}-2 q^{44}+2 q^{40}+q^{38}-q^{36}+2 q^{32}+2 q^{30}+q^{28}+2 q^{22}+2 q^{20}+q^{14}+q^{12}+q^{10}}
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Further Quantum Invariants
Further quantum knot invariants for 3_1.
The braid index of 3_1 is only 2, so it's easy to calculate lots of quantum invariants.
A1 Invariants.
Weight
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Invariant
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1
|
Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^9+q^5+q^3+q}
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2
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{24}-q^{20}-q^{18}-q^{16}+q^{10}+q^8+q^6+q^4+q^2}
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3
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{45}+q^{41}+q^{39}+q^{37}-q^{31}-q^{29}-q^{27}-q^{25}-q^{23}+q^{15}+q^{13}+q^{11}+q^9+q^7+q^5+q^3}
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4
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5
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{105}+q^{101}+q^{99}+q^{97}-q^{91}-q^{89}-q^{87}-q^{85}-q^{83}+q^{75}+q^{73}+q^{71}+q^{69}+q^{67}+q^{65}+q^{63}-q^{53}-q^{51}-q^{49}-q^{47}-q^{45}-q^{43}-q^{41}-q^{39}-q^{37}+q^{25}+q^{23}+q^{21}+q^{19}+q^{17}+q^{15}+q^{13}+q^{11}+q^9+q^7+q^5}
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6
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{144}-q^{140}-q^{138}-q^{136}+q^{130}+q^{128}+q^{126}+q^{124}+q^{122}-q^{114}-q^{112}-q^{110}-q^{108}-q^{106}-q^{104}-q^{102}+q^{92}+q^{90}+q^{88}+q^{86}+q^{84}+q^{82}+q^{80}+q^{78}+q^{76}-q^{64}-q^{62}-q^{60}-q^{58}-q^{56}-q^{54}-q^{52}-q^{50}-q^{48}-q^{46}-q^{44}+q^{30}+q^{28}+q^{26}+q^{24}+q^{22}+q^{20}+q^{18}+q^{16}+q^{14}+q^{12}+q^{10}+q^8+q^6}
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8
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{240}-q^{236}-q^{234}-q^{232}+q^{226}+q^{224}+q^{222}+q^{220}+q^{218}-q^{210}-q^{208}-q^{206}-q^{204}-q^{202}-q^{200}-q^{198}+q^{188}+q^{186}+q^{184}+q^{182}+q^{180}+q^{178}+q^{176}+q^{174}+q^{172}-q^{160}-q^{158}-q^{156}-q^{154}-q^{152}-q^{150}-q^{148}-q^{146}-q^{144}-q^{142}-q^{140}+q^{126}+q^{124}+q^{122}+q^{120}+q^{118}+q^{116}+q^{114}+q^{112}+q^{110}+q^{108}+q^{106}+q^{104}+q^{102}-q^{86}-q^{84}-q^{82}-q^{80}-q^{78}-q^{76}-q^{74}-q^{72}-q^{70}-q^{68}-q^{66}-q^{64}-q^{62}-q^{60}-q^{58}+q^{40}+q^{38}+q^{36}+q^{34}+q^{32}+q^{30}+q^{28}+q^{26}+q^{24}+q^{22}+q^{20}+q^{18}+q^{16}+q^{14}+q^{12}+q^{10}+q^8}
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A2 Invariants.
Weight
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Invariant
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0,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{14}-q^{12}+q^8+2 q^6+q^4+q^2}
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0,2
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{34}+q^{32}+q^{30}-q^{28}-2 q^{26}-3 q^{24}-3 q^{22}-q^{20}+2 q^{16}+2 q^{14}+3 q^{12}+2 q^{10}+2 q^8+q^6+q^4}
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1,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{14}-q^{12}+q^8+2 q^6+q^4+q^2}
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1,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{36}-2 q^{24}-2 q^{22}-3 q^{20}-2 q^{18}+2 q^{14}+3 q^{12}+4 q^{10}+4 q^8+2 q^6+q^4}
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2,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{34}+q^{32}+q^{30}-q^{28}-2 q^{26}-3 q^{24}-3 q^{22}-q^{20}+2 q^{16}+2 q^{14}+3 q^{12}+2 q^{10}+2 q^8+q^6+q^4}
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3,0
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A3 Invariants.
Weight
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Invariant
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0,0,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{19}-q^{17}-q^{15}+q^{11}+2 q^9+2 q^7+q^5+q^3}
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0,1,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{30}-q^{24}-2 q^{22}-2 q^{20}-2 q^{18}+q^{14}+3 q^{12}+3 q^{10}+3 q^8+q^6+q^4}
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1,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{19}-q^{17}-q^{15}+q^{11}+2 q^9+2 q^7+q^5+q^3}
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1,0,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{48}+q^{38}+q^{36}+q^{34}-q^{32}-3 q^{30}-5 q^{28}-6 q^{26}-6 q^{24}-3 q^{22}+q^{20}+4 q^{18}+7 q^{16}+8 q^{14}+7 q^{12}+5 q^{10}+2 q^8+q^6}
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A4 Invariants.
Weight
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Invariant
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0,0,0,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{24}-q^{22}-q^{20}-q^{18}+q^{14}+2 q^{12}+2 q^{10}+2 q^8+q^6+q^4}
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0,1,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{40}+q^{38}+q^{36}-q^{32}-3 q^{30}-4 q^{28}-4 q^{26}-3 q^{24}-q^{22}+q^{20}+4 q^{18}+4 q^{16}+5 q^{14}+4 q^{12}+3 q^{10}+q^8+q^6}
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1,0,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{24}-q^{22}-q^{20}-q^{18}+q^{14}+2 q^{12}+2 q^{10}+2 q^8+q^6+q^4}
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A5 Invariants.
Weight
|
Invariant
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0,0,0,0,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{29}-q^{27}-q^{25}-q^{23}-q^{21}+q^{17}+2 q^{15}+2 q^{13}+2 q^{11}+2 q^9+q^7+q^5}
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1,0,0,0,0
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A6 Invariants.
Weight
|
Invariant
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0,0,0,0,0,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{34}-q^{32}-q^{30}-q^{28}-q^{26}-q^{24}+q^{20}+2 q^{18}+2 q^{16}+2 q^{14}+2 q^{12}+2 q^{10}+q^8+q^6}
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1,0,0,0,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{34}-q^{32}-q^{30}-q^{28}-q^{26}-q^{24}+q^{20}+2 q^{18}+2 q^{16}+2 q^{14}+2 q^{12}+2 q^{10}+q^8+q^6}
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B2 Invariants.
Weight
|
Invariant
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0,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{30}-q^{24}+q^{14}+q^{12}+q^{10}+q^8+q^6+q^4}
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1,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{48}-q^{38}-q^{36}-q^{34}-q^{32}-q^{30}-q^{28}+q^{22}+q^{20}+2 q^{18}+q^{16}+2 q^{14}+q^{12}+q^{10}+q^6}
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B3 Invariants.
Weight
|
Invariant
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1,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{72}-q^{58}-q^{54}-q^{52}-q^{50}-q^{48}-q^{46}-q^{44}-q^{42}+q^{34}+2 q^{30}+q^{28}+2 q^{26}+q^{24}+2 q^{22}+q^{20}+2 q^{18}+q^{14}+q^{10}}
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B4 Invariants.
Weight
|
Invariant
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1,0,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{96}-q^{78}-q^{74}-q^{70}-q^{68}-q^{66}-q^{64}-q^{62}-q^{60}-q^{58}-q^{54}+q^{46}+2 q^{42}+2 q^{38}+q^{36}+2 q^{34}+q^{32}+2 q^{30}+q^{28}+2 q^{26}+2 q^{22}+q^{18}+q^{14}}
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B5 Invariants.
Weight
|
Invariant
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1,0,0,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{120}-q^{98}-q^{94}-q^{90}-q^{86}-q^{84}-q^{82}-q^{80}-q^{78}-q^{76}-q^{74}-q^{70}-q^{66}+q^{58}+2 q^{54}+2 q^{50}+2 q^{46}+q^{44}+2 q^{42}+q^{40}+2 q^{38}+q^{36}+2 q^{34}+2 q^{30}+2 q^{26}+q^{22}+q^{18}}
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C3 Invariants.
Weight
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Invariant
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1,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -q^{42}-q^{34}-q^{32}-q^{24}+q^{20}+2 q^{18}+q^{16}+q^{14}+q^{12}+2 q^{10}+q^8+q^6}
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C4 Invariants.
Weight
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Invariant
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1,0,0,0
|
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D4 Invariants.
Weight
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Invariant
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0,1,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{72}-q^{64}-q^{62}+2 q^{56}+4 q^{54}+5 q^{52}+4 q^{50}+3 q^{48}-q^{46}-5 q^{44}-9 q^{42}-13 q^{40}-14 q^{38}-13 q^{36}-9 q^{34}-4 q^{32}+2 q^{30}+7 q^{28}+12 q^{26}+12 q^{24}+14 q^{22}+11 q^{20}+9 q^{18}+6 q^{16}+4 q^{14}+q^{12}+q^{10}}
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1,0,0,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{42}-q^{34}-q^{32}-2 q^{30}-2 q^{28}-2 q^{26}-q^{24}+q^{20}+2 q^{18}+3 q^{16}+3 q^{14}+3 q^{12}+2 q^{10}+q^8+q^6}
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G2 Invariants.
Weight
|
Invariant
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0,1
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{144}-q^{126}+q^{122}-q^{116}+2 q^{112}+q^{110}-q^{108}+2 q^{104}+q^{102}-q^{98}-q^{96}+q^{94}-2 q^{90}-2 q^{88}-q^{86}-q^{84}-2 q^{82}-3 q^{80}-2 q^{78}-2 q^{76}-2 q^{74}-2 q^{72}-2 q^{70}-q^{68}-q^{64}-q^{62}+q^{60}+q^{58}+q^{56}+2 q^{54}+q^{52}+2 q^{50}+3 q^{48}+2 q^{46}+2 q^{44}+3 q^{42}+2 q^{40}+2 q^{38}+3 q^{36}+2 q^{34}+q^{32}+2 q^{30}+q^{28}+q^{26}+q^{24}+q^{18}}
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1,0
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle q^{72}-q^{64}-q^{62}-q^{56}-2 q^{54}-q^{52}+q^{50}-q^{46}-2 q^{44}+2 q^{40}+q^{38}-q^{36}+2 q^{32}+2 q^{30}+q^{28}+2 q^{22}+2 q^{20}+q^{14}+q^{12}+q^{10}}
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.
Computer Talk
The above data is available with the
Mathematica package
KnotTheory`
, as shown in the (simulated) Mathematica session below. Your input (in
red) is realistic; all else should have the same content as in a real mathematica session, but with different formatting. This Mathematica session is also available (albeit only for the knot
5_2) as the notebook
PolynomialInvariantsSession.nb.
(The path below may be different on your system, and possibly also the KnotTheory` date)
In[1]:=
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AppendTo[$Path, "C:/drorbn/projects/KAtlas/"];
<< KnotTheory`
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KnotTheory::loading: Loading precomputed data in PD4Knots`.
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Out[4]=
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle t+ t^{-1} -1}
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Out[5]=
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In[6]:=
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Alexander[K, 2][t]
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KnotTheory::credits: The program Alexander[K, r] to compute Alexander ideals was written by Jana Archibald at the University of Toronto in the summer of 2005.
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Out[6]=
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In[7]:=
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{KnotDet[K], KnotSignature[K]}
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KnotTheory::loading: Loading precomputed data in Jones4Knots`.
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Out[8]=
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle - q^{-4} + q^{-3} + q^{-1} }
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In[9]:=
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HOMFLYPT[K][a, z]
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KnotTheory::credits: The HOMFLYPT program was written by Scott Morrison.
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Out[9]=
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle -a^4+a^2 z^2+2 a^2}
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In[10]:=
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Kauffman[K][a, z]
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KnotTheory::loading: Loading precomputed data in Kauffman4Knots`.
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Out[10]=
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Failed to parse (SVG (MathML can be enabled via browser plugin): Invalid response ("Math extension cannot connect to Restbase.") from server "https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/":): {\displaystyle a^5 z+a^4 z^2-a^4+a^3 z+a^2 z^2-2 a^2}
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